Hands-Only CPR: Two Steps to Remember When an Adult Suddenly Collapses
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People sometimes hesitate during a cardiac arrest because they are afraid of doing CPR incorrectly. The American Heart Association's Hands-Only CPR message is designed to remove some of that hesitation.
Two steps
If you witness a teen or adult suddenly collapse:
- Call 911, or direct someone else to call.
- Push hard and fast in the center of the chest until help arrives or an AED is ready to use.
What cardiac arrest can look like
A person in cardiac arrest may suddenly collapse, become unresponsive, and stop breathing normally or only gasp. Cardiac arrest is different from fainting or simply feeling ill. When in doubt, the 911 call-taker can help guide you.
Where an AED fits
An automated external defibrillator can analyze the heart rhythm and deliver a shock when appropriate. If another person is available, have them bring the AED while compressions continue.
Hands-Only CPR has limits
Hands-Only CPR is intended as a simple response for witnessed sudden collapse in teens and adults. CPR that includes rescue breaths remains important in situations such as drowning and for infants and children.
The point is not perfection. The point is action. Recognize the emergency, call for help, and start the first useful step.
Related Guardian Field Notes
- Heart Attack vs. Cardiac Arrest: Why the Difference Matters
- Calling 911: The Information Dispatchers Need First
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Sources and further reading: American Heart Association — What Is CPR? and Hands-Only CPR. Educational information only; follow current training, local protocols, and emergency dispatcher instructions.